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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) helps to predict aerodynamic forces. In this example, various pathlines are shown around an Opel Astra. A pathline is the path taken by an air particle that starts out at a given point in the flow. This helps to determine the pressure field around the car. The red section in the pathlines shows the higher speed flow, whereas the blue is the lower speed flow. On the car's surface, the red and yellow areas show high-pressure zones and the cooler colors like blue and green show the lower pressures. Notice, at the back of the car, the pressure is relatively low and in the front the pressure is higher.
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